Antenna Introduction you need to know

Antennas are an integral part of any radiocommunication system. Although the tasks to be performed by various types of radio equipment are different, the role of the antenna in the equipment is basically the same. Any radio equipment transmits information by radio waves, so it is necessary to have a device that can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves.

Therefore, the first function of the antenna is to radiate and receive electromagnetic waves. Of course, something that can radiate or receive electromagnetic waves may not be used as an antenna.

Another role of the antenna is “energy conversion.” As we all know, the transmitter does not send radio waves through the feeder. The receiving antenna cannot directly send radio waves to the receiver. There is an energy conversion process, that is, the high frequency generated by the transmitter.

The oscillating current is sent to the input end of the antenna via the feeder. The antenna converts the high-frequency current into a spatial high-frequency electromagnetic wave and radiates it to the surrounding space in the form of a wave. On the other hand, at the time of reception, the energy of the intercepted high-frequency electromagnetic wave is converted into the energy of the high-frequency current through the receiving antenna, and then sent to the receiver. Obviously there is a conversion efficiency problem here. The higher the antenna gain, the higher the conversion efficiency.

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